SCULPTURE DES IMAGES
Il fallut la technologie vido aisment manipulable, autrement dit une technologie dpendante des mains Š petites camras, restitution enregistre sur ces objets domestiques que sont les disques, tlcommandes manuelles Š pour que les actes de filmer et de sculpter trouvent une proximit ou peut-tre ractivent la relation refoule entre sculpture et film, entre Ē le marbre et le cellulod Č . Car un des rcits mythologiques les plus repris par les artistes acadmiques de la seconde moiti du XIXme sicle, donc les artistes Ē cultivs Č, fut Pygmalion et Galate. Cette lgende, variation rotique sur la mtamorphose du marbre en chair, miracle opr par la puissance dsirante du sculpteur amoureux de sa cration, anticipa potiquement la ralisation de lÕambition cinmatographique : la reprsentation du mouvement de la vie. Il nÕest sans doute pas insignifiant quÕun des premiers films de Mlis fut une pantomime mettant en scne le sculpteur mythique et sa crature marmorenne sÕanimant soudain par la magie du montage. Le peintre Grme fixa vers 1890 le clich iconographique dfinitif dÕun vritable Ē complexe de Pygmalion Č allgorisant le passage entre les arts libraux et les arts mcaniques, entre les arts de la reprsentation immobile et les arts du Ē mouvement qui dplace les lignes Č. CÕest en premier lieu cette origine qui mÕest venue lÕesprit lorsque jÕai rencontr les attractions filmes de Brigitte Zieger.
Identit intrigante dÕune artiste qui filme autant quÕelle sculpte, qui enregistre des performances autant que des travestissements. Veut-elle filmer le fatal terme fig dÕune transformation ou le flux irrpressible dÕune mtamorphose ? Et lÕintuition de cette incertitude, de cette alternative, mÕont t confirmes lorsque jÕai visit son atelier, le laboratoire dÕimages mouvementes dÕune artiste dont jÕavais dcouvert une anne auparavant les actions filmes.
JÕai le souvenir trs prgnant dÕun atelier de sculpture dÕo mergeait la fire stature dÕun homme de pltre vtu dÕhabits rels. Je reconnus confusment, sans pouvoir le nommer avec assurance, lÕtudiant hroque qui sÕinterposa la progression des tanks sur la place Tien An Men Pkin. Devant mon tonnement et mon interprtation hsitante, Brigitte Zieger me confirma : lÕimage anime de cet vnement historique, tait consultable tout moment sur la toile du Ē net Č, donc un mouvement enregistr, fix et contemplable comme un monument commmorant un geste hroque ou une bataille. Et cette image dÕactualit permettait une paradoxale statuaire. En effet, en consultant mon tour cette archive rcente, emblme des fissures du monde communiste, je ne pouvais distinguer le mouvement de lÕHistoire en train de sÕaccomplir et la troublante immobilit du hros, dÕemble statufi lors de cette action inoue. Je prenais conscience que les images animes contemporaines qui sÕaccumulent dans cette mmoire virtuelle incommensurable, pouvaient tre simultanment des monuments aux morts parce que disponibles en permanence. Si les places des villes et des villages nÕtaient plus leur immuable site, les carrefours du Web les offrent en revanche tout instant, sans les limites temporelles de lÕimage cinmatographique. Alors, on conoit aisment ce qui dans cette image nouvelle appelle la sculpture, une sculpture dont le mouvement de la vie est si proche. Un Ē complexe de Pygmalion Č irrigue ces images.
Puissante vidence qui mÕapparut lors de la visite de lÕatelier de cette vidaste qui sculpte, de cette sculpteur qui filme. Selon un itinraire inattendu, imprvisible, un caractre aigu dÕactualit mdiatique survint pour moi dans les vidos nigmatiques de Brigitte Zieger. Et jÕemploie ce dernier qualificatif avec dessein tant ces vidos nÕappellent pas lÕinterprtation : leur message gt prcisment dans une nigme revendique, en dÕautres termes, une nigme qui serait le sens et qui unifierait les Ļuvres choisies et rapproches par ce catalogue.
Je reviens cette rfrence insistante la sculpture, plus exactement un rgime particulier de cette pratique, le modelage.
Vnus et Serial Self sont de pures performances de modelage. Dans Vnus, le cerveau qui coiffe le crne de lÕartiste se rvle mou et mallable (cÕest lÕide gnrale et convenue que lÕon se fait du cerveauÉ) et il subit une progressive transformation manuelle en une chevelure qui se dote contradictoirement dÕune finale apparence glace et rigide du mtal chrom. Les oppositions sont enchanes : mou et dur, lieu de la conscience et lieu de lÕapparence, pense et corporit, gravit et frivolitÉ Autant dÕoppositions articules dont le miroir accentue lÕeffet et qui dpassent, sans lÕignorer, le message fministe.
Serial Self, par la magie du filmage invers, mtamorphose par une mystrieuse manipulation digne des effeuillages filmiques de Cocteau, une natte de cheveux en un rvolver suicidaire. Les mmes paradigmes visuels lÕĻuvre dans cette pice assez tragique et burlesque la fois, sont prolongs dÕun supplment symboliste qui sÕattache la chevelure fminine dangereuse.
LÕtrange vido, plus trange que toutes les autres, Soft, prend alors toute sa forte signification, bien que relativise par lÕhumour : ftichisme carlate, bas coutures et talons, ombre qui dvoile en entier dans le second plan de lÕimage les jambes fminines, tondo du cadrage qui voque lÕiris du cinma muet ou une optique voyeuristeÉ Les crpitements de la pluie Š ou de la pellicule cinmatographique ? Š accompagnent le ramollissement, la dbandade burlesque des talons.
Ainsi Brigitte Zieger sculpte, sculpte et anime, modle et efface, brandit (une arme) et dnoue (des cheveux)É Partis pris qui fusionnent des actes qui nÕappartiennent pas exactement aux mmes registres conceptuels mais dont un tat particulier de la matire offre par excellence lÕimage dialectique : la fume.
Quel autre tat de la matire Š entre modelage et mtamorphose, entre volutes et consistances changeantes, entre lvation et dissolution dont on retrouve les remous poussireux dans les grands dessins Eye-Dust Š peut mieux raliser lÕnigme figurale que poursuit Brigitte Zieger. Parking joue avec drision, de la gomtrie des rangements automobiles et de lÕinforme fumeux qui sÕvapore, brouille la vision et la logique chorgraphique des vhicules.
Mais Mondwest est plus mystrieux, plus inquitant, tant lÕexpression fige et le buste en lger dsquilibre vers lÕavant de cette jeune fille, sÕenveloppent des pulvrulents remous dÕune fume qui montent du corps et cernent le visage. Corps qui chauffe ? Corps en irruption ? Suggestions volcaniques du corps qui pourraient renvoyer alors cet tat, expansif et sculptural la fois, de la lave, matire absente dans les prsentes images mais qui pourrait bien apparatre un jour dans les images futures de Brigitte ZiegerÉ Ce corps aux allures dÕun personnage sorti dÕun film fantastique de William Friedkin , semble sÕriger au fur et mesure de cette ascension et se statufier en conservant les apparences dÕun corps rel, charnel et la sduction malfique : mmoire du Golem, mythe de la sculpture et de la vie mles.
La perspective sculpturale de lÕartiste trouve ainsi son accomplissement dans deux performances filmes, Hits and Misses, qui simultanment retrouvent des origines primitives de la cinmatographie. Les Frres Lumire nÕont-ils pas film parmi leurs premires bandes, parmi leurs premires Ē vues Č (un des deux frres y tait dÕailleurs Ē acteur Č), des ouvriers qui sÕacharnent au sein dÕun nuage de poussire dtruire un mur ? Ici, ce corps aux prises avec une surface qui se dmantle et se morcelle en quelques morceaux dÕun norme puzzle, traduit autrement la subtile et spectaculaire mise en vidence de la puissance volumtrique qui mane illusoirement dÕun cran. Pointent cet endroit les papiers peints anims (Shooting Wallpaper), surfaces dÕo sÕextrait dangereusement le mouvement. Il y a, en effet, du danger dans toutes ces vidos : danger des chutes de planchers en plafonds friables, danger dÕune arme qui nat dÕune chevelure, danger dÕun corps en fusion, danger des bombardements qui transforment des paysages charmants en territoires en guerre, danger des motifs pastoraux dÕune toile de Jouy dont les bergres se dgagent pour flinguer le regardeur alanguiÉ
Il nÕest sans doute pas innocent que la toile de Jouy suggreÉ la toile informatique depuis laquelle Brigitte Zieger extrait ses clichs et ses patterns : rserve des images, rptitions des images, transformation des imagesÉ Ce qui fait le prix de cette Ļuvre ne sont pas seulement les mtamorphoses des images et leurs humoristiques dtournements. Ce sont plutt les glissements dÕun vhicule un autre, dÕun support un autre : de la sculpture la vido, de la vido la toile virtuelle, de la toile virtuelle la sculpture. La boucle sÕaccomplit : lÕtudiant inconnu de Tien An Men, aujourdÕhui disparu, pourtant encore reprable sur la toile du Web Š cette rserve dÕimages infinie pour retrouver les morts Š se rincarne, sÕrige et se monumentalise par la persvrance de lÕart.
SCULPTURE OF IMAGES
It has only been since the arrival of an easily manipulable video technology, in other words one dependent on the manual - small cameras, reproduction saved onto these small, domestic objects which are discs, hand-held remote controls - that a certain proximity between filming and sculpting has been enabled, and that perhaps the discarded relationship between sculpture and film, between "marble and celluloid", has been reenacted. For one of the mythological tales most addressed by academic artists of the second half of the XIXth Century, that is to say the "cultivated" artists, was Pygmalion and Galatea. This legend, an erotic variation on the metamorphosis of marble into flesh, a miracle which was brought about by the powerful desire of a sculptor's love for his creation, poetically foresaw the realization of the cinematic ambition: to represent the movement of life. It is no doubt not without significance that one of Mlis' first films was of the mythical sculptor and his marmorean creation which suddenly came to life as a result of the magic of editing. The painter Grme produced in about 1890 what was to become the definitive iconographic cliche of a real "Pygmalion complex", with an allegory for the passage between the liberal and mechanical arts, between the art of immobile representation and that of "movement displacing lines". It was this which first came to mind when I came across Brigitte Zieger's filmed "attractions".
The identity of such an artist, who films as much as she sculpts, documents performances as well as transvestism, is intriguing. Is she trying to film the fatal and fixed term of a transformation or the irrepressible flux of metamorphosis? And the intuitive feeling I was experiencing of incertitude, and of this alternative, was confirmed when I visited the studio, which is a laboratory for the turbulent images of the artist whose filmed actions I had discovered a year previously.
I have a particularly potent memory of a sculpture studio from which emerged the proud stature of a plaster man dressed in real clothes. I vaguely recognized, without being absolutely sure, the heroic student who stood and blocked the tanks on Tiananmen Square in Peking. Seeing my surprise and hesitant interpretation, Brigitte Zieger confirmed that the animated image of this historical event could easily be consulted, at any given moment, on the web of the "net", and was as such a movement that was saved, fixed and could be contemplated like the commemorative monument of a heroical gesture or a battle. And this image of recent current affairs provided for a statuary paradox. Indeed, when I too consulted the recent archive, which has become the symbol of cracks appearing in the communist world, I couldn't distinguish the movement of History in the process of being accomplished and the troubling immobility of the hero, emblematically transfixed during such an unprecedented action. I became conscious that contemporary animated images accumulating in this boundless virtual memory could be simultaneously monuments to the deadbecause they are permanently at one's disposition. If the squares of cities and villages are no longer the perpetual site of such monuments, then the crossroads of the Web, on the other hand, and at any given moment, offer them a place within the temporal limits of the cinematographic image. And so one can easily conceive what within this new image one may call sculpture, a form of sculpture which is so close to the movement of life. A "Pygmalion complex" which irrigates the images.
The evidence of such reasoning was apparent when I visited the studio of this videomaker who sculpts, of this sculptor who films. Following an unexpected, unpredictable itinerary, a critical personality from the media of current affairs comes to mind in Brigitte Zieger's enigmatic videos. And I am using this qualifying term purposely because these videos don't call for interpretation: their message lies precisely within a declared enigma, in other terms, one which may be the meaning and which may unify the works chosen and brought together for this catalogue.
Let me come back to this insistent reference to sculpture, or more exactly to a particular form within its practice, modeling.
Venus and Serial Self are pure performances of modeling. In Venus, the brain covering the artist's skull turns out to be soft and malleable (which is the generally accepted idea one has of the brain...), and undergoes a progressive manual transformation into a hairdo, the final appearance of which, in all contradiction, is icy and rigid, like chromed metal. Oppositions are set in motion: soft and hard, a conscious place and one of appearance, thought and corporeality, gravity and frivolity... So many oppositions articulated, the effect of which is accentuated by the mirror, and which goes beyond, without ignoring, the feminist message.
Serial Self, by the magic of inverted footage, through a mysterious manipulation worthy of Cocteau's films, and their peeling away effect, transforms a braid of hair into a suicidal revolver. The same visual paradigms at work in this rather tragic and yet burlesque piece are prolonged with a symbolist supplement which is attached to dangerous feminine hair.
Within this context, the strangest of all the videos, Soft, takes on a whole new meaning, albeit one which is relativized due to its humour: scarlet fetishism, seamed stockings and heels, a shadow revealing in the second shot the whole image of a woman's legs, tondo framing which evokes the iris of silent cinema or a voyeuristic perspective... the crackling of rain - or of the cinematic film? - accompany the burlesque way in which the heels soften and go limp.
What other state of matter - that which is between modeling and metamorphosis, between swirls and changing consistencies, between elevation and dissolution, which one also finds in the dusty turbulence of the large drawings called Eye-Dust - can better demonstrate the figural enigma that pursues Brigitte Zieger. Parking plays with derision, the geometry of cars lined up in rows and the smoking shapelessness which evaporates, confusing the vision and choreographic logic of the vehicles.
Mondwest is more mysterious, more disturbing, as the fixed expression and bust of a young woman leaning slightly towards the front and out of balance, becomes shrouded in the pulverulent swirls of smoke climbing her body and surrounding her face. Is the body heating up? Or about to irrupt? Volcanic suggestions of the body which could reflect the both expansive and sculptural state of lava - a substance which is absent as yet in the present images but which might well appear in Brigitte Zieger's work one day... This body which looks like a character from a William Friedkin fantasy film, seems to rise little by little out of this ascension and to become a statue while preserving the appearance of a real body which is carnal and balefully seductive: bringing to mind Golem, the myth of sculpture and life blended together.
The sculptural perspective of the artist can also be found in two performances she has filmed, Hits and Misses, which simultaneously rediscover the primitive origins of cinematography. In one of the Lumire brothers' first film tapes, in one of their first "takes" (one of the two brothers was indeed an "actor" in it), a group of workmen can be seen avidly destroying a wall in the midst of a cloud of dust. Here the body is held in a surface which is becoming dismantled into the pieces of an enormous puzzle, and translates in a very different way the subtle and spectacular highlighting of the volumetric power emanating illusorily from a screen. Which brings me to the animated wallpapers (Shooting Wallpaper), surfaces from which movement is dangerously extracted. Indeed there is danger to be found in all of the videos: danger of falling through the floorboards of flimsy ceilings, danger from the weapon created out of a hairdo, danger of a body becoming molten, danger of bombardment transforming charming landscapes into war terrain, danger of the pastoral motifs of a Jouy fabric, the shepherdesses of which come out at one and fire at the listless observer...
(english translation by Carmela Uranga)
o |
Attention Ļuvres piges Baited Artworks (press version) Philippe Fernandez |
o o |
Attention Ļuvres piges Baited Artworks (catalogue version) Philippe Fernandez |
o o |
Sculpture des images Sculpture of images Dominique Pani |
o o |
La qualit n'a pas de sexe Excellence has no sex Estelle Pags |
o o |
The Shadow Gilles A. Tiberghien |
o o |
Vita activa Florence Derieux |
o o |
Eye-Dust Philippe Fernandez |
o o |
o o |
Pieces of Possible History Julie Crenn |
o o |
o o |
o o |